Method of and means for forming pipe elbows



Sept. 6, 1932. J. H. TAYLOR 1,875,954

METHOD OF AND MEANS FOR FORMING PIPE ELBOWS Filed June 20. 1930 4 Sheets-Sheet l rfame-s flail 'Zylr Sept. 6, 1932. J. H. TAYLOR 1,875,954

METHOD OF AND MEANS FOR FORMING PIPE ELBows Filed June 20, 1930 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 2 mam zz/ 2,

Sept. 6, 1932. J. H. TAYLOR METHOD OF AND MEANS FOR FORMING PIPE ELBOWS Filed June 20. 1950 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 p 6, 1932- J. H. TAYLOR 1,875,954

METHOD OF AND MEANS FOR FORMING PIPE ELBOWS Filed June 20. 1950 4 Sheets-Sheet v4 A r 23 a Z 67 30 3 fnz/enior rfamas' [fall @Zar Patented Sept. 6, 1932 UNITED STATES JAMES HALL TAYLOR, OF OAK PARK, ILLINOIS mnrnon or AND MEANS non. romrme rrrn ELBQWS Application filed June 20,

My invention relates-to the manufacture of wrought metal pipe elbows and contemplates a new and improved method and new and improved apparatus for forming the L same.

My invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which Figure 1 shows the die mechanism in elevation, with a blank disposed therein ready a for the action of the dies;

Figure 2 is a vertical sectional view, taken;

on the plane of line 22 of Figure 1 and looking in the direction indicated by the arrows, the blank being omitted in this ini stance; Y I

Figure 3 shows the first action of the dies; Figure 4 shows the second action of the dies;

). dies; v

Fi re 6 is a view similar to Figure 1, showing a modification;

Figure 7 is a view similar to Figure 4, showing the action in this modification;

5 Figure 8'is a partial sectional view taken on the plane of the line 8-8 of Figure 6 and looking in the direction indicated by the arrows; J

Figure 9 is a view similar to Figure 6,

showing a second modification;

Figure 10 is a view similar to Figure 7,

showing the action in this second modifica-' tion;

Figure 11 is a partial sectional view taken on the plane of the line 1111 of Figure and looking 'n the direction indicated by the arrows; and

Figure 12 is a partial sectional view taken on the line 1212 of Figure 10 and looking 0 in the direction indicated by the arrows.

Straight tubing of wrought metal is cut into pieces on converging diagonal planes and each of these pieces constitutes ablank for use in .the process and apparatus of my 5 invention. Throughout the figures the blank, in its original and successive forms to final product, is indicated by the reference character a.

I shall first refer to Figures 1 to 5 inclusive. v

Figure '5 shows the third action of the 1930. Serial 110. 482,518.

A die which determines the formation of the inner portion of ,the completed elbow, and which may therefore be conveniently termed the center die, is in the form of a longitudinally convex, but transversely trough-like, anvil 13; This anvil is supported upon a standard 14 and a pivot shaft or pm 15, for supporting the internal die carrying members, is conveniently mounted therein. These internal die supporting mem- 6P bets are indicated at 16 and 17, each of them being formed with forked ends 16' and 17 f mounted upon the 'shaftor pin 15 as indicated in Figures 1 and 2. Thus the supporting members 16 and 17 are capable of swinging about the shaft or pin .15 and the axis of the shaft is so disposed that this swinging movement will be concentric with the convex surface of the anvil 13.

The supporting members 16 and 17 are pro- I vided with slides 18 and 19, respectively, in. which blocks. 20 and 21 are mounted for movement toward and away from the anvil 13. The blocks 20 and 21'..carry' internal dies or horns 22 and 23 respectively. If desired, 7: the outward halves of these dies or horns may be curved and formed to the corresponding part of the internal surface of the completed elbow.

The outer external die, which is concave so longitudinally and trough-like transversely to correspond with the outer surface of the outer portion of the completed elbow, is shown at 24., and it has straight line motion toward and away from the anvil 13. 'As

shown, this outer external die is a single die element, but it will be clear that a plurality of die elements each moving toward and away from the anvil, and on converging lines if desired, may be employed.

The faces 22' and 23' of the internal dies 22 and 23; respectively, are circular and of a diameter equal to the desired internal diameter of the completed elbow. I

I shall now descrihe'the operation of the method and apparatus as exemplified herem At the beginning, the dies 22, 23 and 24 are in the position shown: in Figure 1. The

'blank a disposed horizontally and symmetrically in and against the anvil as shown. in" Figure land as indicated in dotted lines in Figure 2, the short side of the blank down as illustrated. I

Thereupon, asshown in Figure 3, the dies 22 and 23 are moved together into the blank until they touch in a vertica'Lplane intersecting the axis of the anvil 13. In that position,

the outer portions'of the internal dies 22 and 23 are concentric with the anvil 13 and represent the curvature which will be imparted tothe outer half of the finished elbow. Thus far there has been no change in the blank,

" the under portions of the internal dies or horns 22 and 23 being formed to accord with the lower portion of the internal surface of the blank as a piece of straight tubing.

The die 24 is then brought downwardly upon the'blank, as illustrated in Figure 4.

This action forms the outward half of the finished product and partially distorts the inner portion of the blank as shown inFigure 4, only that part of the inner portion'of the blank which is truly engaged between the lower portions of the inner dies and the anof the dies 22 and 23, but it may be raised before the dies 22 and 23 are withdrawn or during their withdrawal. In any event, with the dies 22 and 23 withdrawn, as shown in Figure 5, and the die 24 raised, the finished elbow, as shown in Figure 5, may be removed from the machine.

Retaining members 240 are carried by the die 24 to hold the blank 0 against 'arcuate movement, in either direction, by reason of unequal friction with the dies 22 and 23 during the withdrawal of the latter.

I shall now refer to the modification illustrated in Figures 6, 7 and 8. The same reference characters areused, so far as they apply, in these figures as before.

die normally its upward position as shown a In this formof my invention each of the dies 22 and 23 carries an auxiliary die 25 for bringing the inward portion ofthe blank down to carry thedistorted metal therenearer its final position during the descent of the upper external die 24. The die 25 is carried upon a stem 26 which slides in the die 22 or 23, as the case may be, and a head 27 is secured upon the free end of this stem. Springs 28, 28 engage between the carryingdie and the head in order to maintain the auxiliary in Figures 6 and'8. The face of the die 25 preferably is convex in one direction and slightly concave in the other to correspond with the surface ofthe anvil 13. When the dies 22 and 23 are moved together, in the blank a, as illustratedin F igure6, the auxiliary dies 25, 25 are in their upper positions and have no efiect on the blank until the die 24 comes down, as will now be described.

When the die 24 descends, the head 27 is engaged by the inner surface of the blank, as will be evident from Figure 6, and is brought down into the contour'of the die 22 or 23, as the case may be, being shaped correspondingly, as shown in Figures 7 and 8. This brings the dies 25 against the inward portions of the blank, as shown in Figure 7, forcing them downward and if desired against the anvil 13 to the finished form, or substantially the finished form, of the final product. In the event that the action of the auxiliary dies 25, 25 is not quitesufiicient to finish the inward portions of the elbow satisfactorily, the omission is immediately cured by the withdrawal of the dies 22 and 23 in the manner described with reference to Figure 5. This withdrawing action of the dies 22 and 23 finishes the elbow as previously described, but the preceding action of the auxiliary dies 25, 25 effects the accumulation of additional metal for the inner portion of the elbow during the descent of the die 24 and thus prevents, undue thinning when the dies 22and 23 do their part.

I shall now 12. The purpose of this modification is the same as that of the modification illustrated in Figures 6, 7 and 8. Here again, reference characters previously used are repeated where applicable.v

In this modification the auxiliary dies, corresponding to the dies 25 of the preceding modification, are shown at 29. These dies are carried on yokes 30 which slide in the internal dies 22 and 23, these yokes being normally held in upward position by means of springs 31 and being adapted to be brought down by a bell crank lever 32, pivoted at 33 and operated by an extension 34 carried by the upper die 24. When the upper die 24 descends, the extension 34 engages the lower arm of the bell crank lever, as shown in Figure 10, the upper arm of the bell crank lever, engaging in suitable slots in yoke 30, bringing the same downwardly. 7 As shown in F igures 10, 11 and 12, the die 29 is formed to fit the inward portion of the bank a, and further to engage theends thereof, as indicated,

refer to Figures 9, 10, lland' est whereby'some upsetting action, effective to insure sufiicient metal there, is secured. As

in the case of the previous modification, the

ish the inward portion of the elbow should such finishing be necessary.

I claim withdrawal of the dies 22 and 23 acts to finwhich comprises inserting curved dies therein from opposite sides thereof and subjecting the' same to the action of opposed external dies while so disposed upon said first-named dies, and removing said first-named dies from r said piece of tubing by arcuate movement.

3. The method of curving a piece of tubing which comprises subjecting the same to sub .stantially radial pressure by the opposing action of external curved dies with a curved internal die disposed therein, whereby the.

outer portion of the curved product is brought to 'finalshape, and then removing said internal die by' arcuate movement,

whereby the inner portion of the curved prod- 7 act is shaped.

4. The method of curving a piece of tubing which comprises forming the outer portion of the. curved productby subjecting it to substantially radial pressure between an'internal curved die and a corresponding outer curved die, and forming the-inner portion of the curved product by arcuatemovement of said internal die.

5. The method of curving a piece of tubing which comprises forming the outer portion of the curved product by subjecting it to sub-' stantially radial pressure between an internal curved die and a corresponding outer curved die, and forming the inner portion of the curved product by arcuate movement of said internal die to shape the same over a curved center die. 7

6. The method of forming a pipe elbow from a piece of tubing with oblique ends, which comprises disposing the short side thereof in and adjacent aconvex trough-like anvil, inserting a pair of horns in the opposite ends of said piece of tubing, bringing a concave trough-like'external die into contact with the long side of said piece of tubing to shape the same against said horns, and with: drawing said horns from said piece of tubing to shape the short side thereof against saidanvil.

7. The method of curving a piece of tubing which comprises subjecting the same to opposing action of an external curved die and an internal curved die to'form the outer portion of the finished product, and subjecting the inner portion of the blank in process to radial movement of an auxiliary inner die in opposition to an external anvil to form the inner portion of the Product.

8. The method of curving a piece of tubing which comprises subjecting the same to the action of an external curved die while hold-.

ing-the tubing with an internal inemberto form the outer'portion of the finished product, and moving its oppositeside away fromsaid internal memberto form the inner portionof the finished product.

9. 'The method of carving a piece of tubmg which comprises: subjecting the same to the action of an external die whileholding the tubing with an internal member to form the the' tubing away from s'aid internal member.

against a curved anvil, inserting a curved die member into said piece of tubing,'and simultaneously moving an external die member toward said curved die member and an auxiliary internal die member toward said anvil and thereby shaping one side portion of the tubing overthe curved die member and the opposlte side portion of the tubing over the anvil.

11. The method ing which comprises disposing the same against a curved anvil, inserting a curved die member into said piece of tubing, simultaneously moving an external die member toward said curved die member and an .auxiliary imv movement.

supporting members, and an external die movable toward andaway from said anvil.

13. In combination,ya curved anvil, horn dies having areuate mov'ement about the axis of said anvil, and an external diehaving movement toward and away from said horn I die, the ends of said horn die being disposed,

to have wiping action relative to said anvil 1n their arcuate movement.

14. In combination, an internal horn die having arcuate movement, an external die membermovabletoward and away from said horn die, and an auxiliary internal die movable toward and away from said horn die.

10. The methodof curving a piece of tub-- ing which comprises disposing the same outer portion of the finished product, and simultaneously moving the opposite side of of curving a piece of tub I ternal die member toward said anvil, and removing said curved die member by arcuate 15. In combination, aninternal horn die having arcuate movement, an external die member movable toward and away from said horn die, an auxiliary'internal die movable toward and away from said horn die, and

means'for simultaneously operating said ex? ternal die and said auxiliary die. -7

16. In combination, an internal hOI'D d'IG having arcuate movement, an external die member movable toward andaway from saidhorn die, an auxiliary internal die movable toward and away from said horn die, and

. 10o 12. In combination, acurve anvil, supporting members swinging upon the axis of said.

fanvil, horn dies slidably mounted on said means for operating said auxiliary die by the motion of saidflexternal die.

17. In die mechanismfoi' forming pipe elv bows, a horn die for insertion in a tubular blank, an external die cooperating with the outer portion of said horn die, and an auxiliary internal die carried by said horn die a and mounted'for movement inwardly therefrom.

18. The method of curving a piece of tubing which comprises inserting into the tubing an internal curved die, subjectingthe tubing to substantiallyradial pressure between opposed external dies having rectilineal rela- P tive movement toward and away from each other and thereby shaping a portion of the tubing about the internal die, and withdrawing the internal die from the tubing by arouate movement and thereby shaping the opposite portion of the tubing over one of the external dies.

19. The method of curving a piece of tubing, which'comprises disposing one side thereof adjacent a convex trough-like anvil, inserting curved horn dies into the tubing from the ends thereof, subjecting the opposite side of the tubing to substantially radial pressure by .a troughslikeexternal die and thereby shaping the tubing about the horn dies, and

withdrawing the horn dies from the tubing by arcuate movement on the axis of the anvil and, thereby shaping the side of the tubing adjacent the anvil over'the latter.

' 20. The method of curving a piece of tubing which comprises subjecting the outward side thereof to opposing action toward each other of a'n-externalcurved die and a curved internal die disposed therein, and shaping the' inward side o'fi said ,piee of tubing by arcuatewithdrawing movement of said curved internal die.

21. The method of curving a piece of tubing which comprises insertlng curved dies therein from opposite sides thereof and sub- I, jecting the outward side thereof to the action 4 of an, opposed-external die while so disposed upon said; first named dies, and removing said firstq amed dies from said piece of tubing by arcuate movement, thereby shaping the inward side thereof.

In witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe my name this 13th dayof June, 1930. a

e JAMES'HALL TAYLOR. 

